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South Africa debate the protection of the rights of women assaulted by their sexual orientation - Homosexuality is an added risk in the ghettos

LALI CAMBRA - Cape Town - 19/03 / 2011

"It is our responsibility to ensure that corrective rape victims report cases," said a year ago for the Ministry of Justice South Africa. The next day began his umpteenth Gaik Millicent pilgrimage to court to face the man who raped to "cure him of being a lesbian." As she had returned to his home. The trial was postponed because neither witnesses nor the doctor who tended after the attack were present.

Gaik is not alone. The trial for the murder of Zoliswa Nkonyana, lesbian 19, also in Cape Town, has been postponed 32 times, most recently last week. Activist groups in South Africa call for the adoption of a specific law to punish those they define as "hate crimes", and meanwhile is the Government to monitor each case.

in May will be a year and a month after the attack on Millicent, 30 and local resident of Gugulethu, one of the oldest settlements in the city and apartheid.Millicent product returned to his home In the afternoon, accompanied by her friends, when another neighbor, Andile N., whom she knew, asked for a cigarette. Andile Millicent did not know that already had a rape conviction and hoped the man, who had always treated with respect and I knew she is a lesbian, physically assaulted her, put her in her hut and raped her for five hours. "You think you're a man, but I'll show you're a woman. I'm going to impregnate, you give me a son "is what the rapist snapped, according to the complaint. A group of neighbors decided to pull the door down and rescue Millicent. But the horror did not end there.

Despite opposition from activists, Andile N. obtained bail. The Millicent barred approach, although both lived in the same neighborhood. He kept harassing her and she had to change residence.

Then

started visits to court. The latest delay occurred because the witnesses were not called. "The police do their job," said Funeka Soldaat, a member of Gender Free, one of the more than ten NGOs launched a campaign to collect signatures against "hate crimes."

In December, the campaign reached the Internet through a petition (on site www.change.org) driven by the suicide last month, a lesbian who had been assaulted. In a few weeks collected 170,000 signatures from 163 countries, and if, before access to the Ministry of Justice seemed impossible, now were responsible for the government who contacted activists.

On Monday they met for the first time in Parliament in Cape Town and agreed on an action plan and a working committee to face the dangers of being gay, lesbian or transgender in the ghettos of South African cities. "Fear is passed, there is an atmosphere of threat that you get used ... to survive," says Soldaat. South Africa was the first country to ban discrimination in the Constitution of sexual orientation and the first African country to legalize gay marriage. Still, the statistics of male violence are among the highest in the world.

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Concepción Arenal (1820-1893) Reformer

English social and thinker born in El Ferrol (La Coruña).

From a self-taught went on to become one of the leading English women of the nineteenth century. Well known for his work for prison reform and charitable activities, and very close to krausismo, Concepción Arenal collaborated with Fernando de Castro in the founding of the Ateneo Art and Literary Ladies in 1869. Despite its limited success, was the forerunner of subsequent initiatives for training and education of women as a first step toward equal rights in the society. As a criminal lawyer, involved line thinking of Pedro Dorado Montero, reformer of criminal law at the time, proposing an educational orientation and not repressive prison system to reform the offender rather than punishment.

was the author of several books, among them Charity, philanthropy and charity (1861), Prison Studies (1877) and Women of the future (1884). He died in Vigo in 1893.

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Concepción Arenal 2000 flood the court litigation dedicated to Barcelona

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Some mistakes have been prescribed for failure to resources solved within the allotted time

The situation of Section 20 of the hearing improved in 2010, but remains the backlog of cases

The saturation and jam situation has improved, but Section 20 of the Court of Barcelona, \u200b\u200bspecializing in violence against women, continues with a significant accumulation of pending litigation and overwork. At December 31, 2010 the number of cases yet to be resolved was 1974, of which most, 1,191 were appeals against judgments of courts of the province. And this court is a funnel that will stop all appeals filed by lawyers for the party not satisfied with a resolution as well as summaries of serious crimes.

cabinets in Section 20 of the Court of Barcelona, \u200b\u200bin the old Palace of Justice in Barcelona, \u200b\u200bsaved dozens of bundles of unresolved lawsuits. Are clearly labeled to avoid unnecessary delays and, above all, to prioritize the cases where someone is arrested, the resolutions on restraining orders and matters may be prescribed if not resolved quickly, as the faults. There has been very few times, but the judges have been forced on occasion to support the prescription of a lack of injuries because the backlog has not allowed them to solve a resource in the period marked by the Supreme Court in an agreement October 2010. Therefore, the court must be alert.

PRESCRIPTION / In a recent ruling, the judges of the 20 admitted that an appeal had been "paralyzed" for more than six months "due to the huge backlog of appeals pending" and had to declare defunct criminal responsibility convicted of assaulting his wife for the prescription of the offense of assault.

Despite suffering from overworked judges of Section 20 of the hearing, the situation has nothing to do with what has been in previous years. At December 31, 2009, the number of cases pending for 2812 amounted to gender-based violence. Therefore, in a year has been a decline than a thousand issues to be resolved and that although in 2010 they entered or other 1,822 cases were reopened. The statistics are clear: last year, 2,625 were resolved.

INCREASE / The lawsuits came to this court started rising from 2006 (2.100 cases of violence against women and domestic) and the peak was reached in 2009, with about 3,400 records. Last year we began the descent. There are several reasons. One is the creation of Section 22, which has taken over a third of the sexist violence issues between couples. In addition, processes on domestic violence (eg assault of children to parents or grandparents) are distributed among the various courts of the hearing.

These measures have helped reduce congestion. But more importantly, according to the president of Section 20, Fernando Perez Maíquez, is the increased number of judges. In 2006 there were only four are now seven (two of them are of reinforcement). "It is necessary to maintain these reinforcements to expedite the process so we can reduce the number of pending cases," says the magistrate. This situation adds a certain decrease of demands for gender-based violence.

"We continue to make a big effort to take forward the work, which is excessive. We have always been well above the scale set by the General Council of Judicial Power, "says Perez Maíquez. The time taken to process a file has fallen. Incredibly, resolve issues in less than a year is considered a success, until recently, was virtually unthinkable. "We improved a little, but we have much work," admits the president of Section 20. "Now there is a reasonable delay and we are on track to break the deadlock. Pulling reinforcements and it is imperative we continue, "he adds.

SHORTAGE OF OFFICERS / Despite the improved numbers, staff shortages persist in the judicial office. The section on male violence has lost two acts, with the number of staff has dropped lately. Today, with four assistants, fourth and three police officers. "We are not sufficient to do all the work", says the chairman. Another two problems: excessive mobility of employees and the difficulty in processing court cases as delicate as those of gender-based violence. The court also makes the trials for serious crimes of violence against women, often dense and highly complex.